Torsional control boat throttle system

ABSTRACT

A torsional throttle control system is provided that may include any of a number of features. One feature of the throttle control system is twist-style grip that has an axis with an angle adjustable to a housing. Another feature comprises trim and/or outboard motor control(s) atop the grip. Yet another feature comprises the internal mechanism adapted to effect throttle control. Methods associated with use of the throttle control hardware and systems including a boat are also covered.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to throttle controls for vehicles, particular watercraft. The invention also relates to the manner of converting user control input to output, as well as translation of that output to action at a remote location.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A number of known throttle controls for watercraft employ a twist-grip type of interface connected to an electronic control unit. These are found in connection with electric trolling motors. Twist of the grip controls motor speed. Typically, the grip also serves as a tiller, in which its point dictates the direction of the motor connected thereto by a tube or shaft.

More sophisticated throttle control systems are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,053,781 and 6,776,671. In each patent, the tiller/throttle grip assembly is removed from the propeller tube and setup at a remote location. In the '781 patent, the direction the propeller points is controlled by a separate lever arm with push-pull ropes/cables wrapped around a component connected to the motor tube. The motor control unit with its grip is located amidship oriented vertically. In the '671 patent, the motor control head and throttle control grip are mounted alongside the pilot's seat. The control head is mounted on a rod so that it can rotate around the axis that is in-line with the boat to actuate a linkage assembly attached to propeller tube to effect steering.

While these systems offer benefits, their use is contemplated only in connection with electric trolling motors. Furthermore, neither system offers angular adjustability of the throttle grip independent of steering control. In the '781 patent, no angular adjustability is available with the fixed unit. In the '671 patent one cannot simply adjust the angle of the grip to a desirable position while operating the boat, since to do so would set an unintended course. Moreover, trolling motors are suited only for driving a small boat at a speed of a few knots/mph, and in calm water. The inventor hereof has appreciated the benefits of a throttle grip type system for use in a vastly different context. Particularly, the present invention finds use in high power speedboats as a means of control for the primary source of propulsion. Benefits and advantages of the current system are elaborated upon below.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a throttle control assembly using a twist grip type user interface. The throttle control assembly is provided for use in connection with powerboats, especially those suited for use in rough (open ocean) water and/or at high speed (i.e., greater than, for example, 30 knots/35 mph) in racing, etc. The present invention may also be used in other types of vessels, vehicles and crafts. While the examples provided herein relate to watercraft, it is intended that the use of the word “boat” or similar terms, other than in the claims, refers to any type of vessel, vehicle or craft.

The throttle control assembly of the present invention typically controls at least one large internal combustion engine. The present invention offers particular advantages in connection with racing boats in which the user sits in a tight cockpit and the boat is planning across the water at very high speeds (upwards of 75 mph in a typical race). At such speeds, the wakes of other boats or wave action produces an extremely rough or “bumpy” ride. A grip-style throttle control assembly according to the present invention, then, provides a user something stable to hold onto in order to help maintain body position, and avoid injury as is common from banging fingers, elbows etc. while being tossed around in the cockpit of a scarab or another type of racing boat.

In one aspect of the invention, the grip drives a mechanical gear system that operates a control cable. The cable may be coupled directly to a lever arm attached to the throttle shaft of a marine engine or motor. Alternatively, the cable can actuate a rack in a rack-and-pinion arrangement in which the pinion is mounted on the throttle shaft itself. In this manner, truly linear throttle control can be achieved since change in lever arm angle is avoided.

In yet another aspect of the invention, the rotary motion caused by rotation of the grip is transmitted by a flexible shaft to a throttle cable. Rotation of the grip in the clockwise direction pulls the throttle cable forward, and rotation of the grip in the counter-clockwise direction pushes the throttle cable in the opposite direction. The pulling and pushing on the throttle cable serves to increase and decrease, respectively, the throttle of the boat engine.

In one aspect of the invention, the grip provides an electronic output for throttle control. A rotary encoder determines the angular position of the grip, and an electronic controller drives a motor or a servomechanism to pull and push on a throttle cable, which increases and decreases, respectively, the throttle of a boat engine. In other embodiments, the motor or servomechanism may be mechanically coupled directly to a throttle mechanism of the boat engine without the use of a cable. In still other embodiments, the motor or servomechanism itself may be eliminated by electronically coupling signals from the grip encoder (or other intervening circuitry) directly to electronic controls associated with the boat engine.

In yet another aspect of the invention, shifting the grip of the throttle control assembly in a fore-aft plane engages a transmission of a boat engine, for changing gears between forward, neutral and reverse.

One aspect of the invention concerns the engine-side rack-and-pinion itself alone or in combination with the throttle control assembly. Another aspect of the invention concerns a throttle control assembly that is adjustable by a user (in use or adjusted and then set to a position) relative to a fixed housing. The adjustment serves to optimize user comfort and/or available support.

Yet another aspect of the invention provides control features atop the throttle control assembly. These may be buttons, switches, etc. which may be positioned within reach of the user's thumb so that they may be actuated without changing grip on the throttle. These controls advantageously actuate right and/or left trim tabs and/or outboard motor or outdrive up/down adjustment. The throttle grip is advantageously shaped both to provide space for mounting the control features and for facilitating reach to actuate the controls. As such, the grip may have an ergonomic shape, with a surface for mounting the controls canted towards the thumb position for a user.

The invention also comprises methods, in which the methods may involve use of the subject devices. The methods may be practiced with other devices than those described herein. Yet, the acts associated with the use of such other devices will typically be in accordance with those associated with the devices described herein.

In any case, one method according to the present invention involves operating a boat in which the user grasping a steering wheel with one hand and the throttle control with the second hand, and substantially maintains a body position while effecting throttle control by supporting the body from forward and aft movement with the wheel and throttle control. The user is able to do so since throttle control merely requires twisting the grip. In comparison, where one or more levers are the means of throttle control, the back and forth movement of the levers alter body position. Further, it is not possible to support the body against forward and aft movement by grasping a throttle lever free to move in the same plane. The method may further comprise adjusting at least one of trim and motor up/down without releasing the throttle grip.

Another method according to the invention includes grasping a throttle control assembly with one hand and adjusting at least one of trim and motor up/down with that hand while grasping the throttle control. Typically, this will be accomplished using the thumb. The method advantageously further comprises grasping a steering wheel with the second hand while grasping the throttle control with the first hand. Most advantageously, the throttle is a grip-type twist throttle so that the user can maintain a stable position while operating the boat.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention will be obtained by reference to the following detailed description that sets forth illustrative embodiments, in which the principles of the invention are utilized, and the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1A is an oblique view of the type of boat with which the invention is advantageously used; FIG. 1B is a partial view of the stem of the boat; FIG. 1C is an aerial view of the helm of the boat, including a throttle controller according to aspects of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2A shows an oblique overview of the throttle controller assembly; FIG. 2B details the interior of the throttle controller assembly in oblique cut-away view;

FIG. 3 illustrates an engine-side throttle control system;

FIG. 4A shows an oblique overview of another embodiment of a throttle controller assembly according to aspects of the present invention; FIG. 4B details the interior of the throttle controller assembly in a front end cut-away view; FIG. 4C details the interior of the throttle controller assembly in a side cut away view with rotating arm 176 in an aft position; FIG. 4D details the interior of the throttle controller assembly in a side cut away view with rotating arm 176 in a forward position; and

FIG. 5 shows an oblique overview of another embodiment of a throttle grip according to aspects of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows an oblique overview of another embodiment of a throttle grip according to aspects of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows another oblique overview of the embodiment of the throttle grip illustrated in FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 shows another oblique overview of the embodiment of the throttle grip illustrated in FIG. 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Certain specific details are set forth in the following description and figures to provide an understanding of various embodiments of the invention. Certain well-known details, associated electronics and devices are not set forth in the following disclosure to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the various embodiments of the invention. Further, those of ordinary skill in the relevant art will understand that they can practice other embodiments of the invention without one or more of the details described below. Finally, while various processes are described with reference to steps and sequences in the following disclosure, the description is for providing a clear implementation of particular embodiments of the invention, and the steps and sequences of steps should not be taken as required to practice this invention.

FIG. 1A shows a “scarab” type speedboat 2 banking or turning at high speed across the water 4. As shown, it produces a substantial wake 6. An operator or pilot 8 sits in a seat 10 located at the starboard side 12 of the watercraft. A co-pilot (not shown) would typically sit to the port side 14 of the vessel. The present invention is advantageously used in connection with such a watercraft. However, the invention may be put to good use with other types of boats.

FIG. 1B provides a partial view of the stem 16 of boat 2 opposite bow 18. Trim tabs 20, exhaust pipes 22, and outboard engine 24 components are shown. FIG. 1C shows the cockpit of boat 26 including chairs 10, wheel 28, gauges 30, switch bank 32, ignition 34 and a control system 40 according to the present invention

In use, the pilot or captain of the vessel will steer with the left hand and control engine direction and speed with the right hand using control system 40. Since the controller grip 42 is fixed in a forward-aft direction (in contrast to) the gear selector 44, the throttle control grip offers a stable interface for support.

Further details of the subject throttle controller are better appreciated in reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. The former figure shows a fully assembled view of control system 40; the later figure a cutaway view of the throttle control portion of the device

The gear selector arm 44 allows the user to select the direction in which to propel the boat by switching the transmission (not shown) between forward and reverse. Selector 44 and its associated box 46 are not unique, and may be constructed as known in the art. However, in combination with the throttle control mechanism of the present invention, a unique control system 40 is hereby provided.

As for those features particular to the inventive controller, a throttle control assembly or subassembly 48 comprises throttle grip or handle 42. The handle is mounted upon a shaft 50. Multiple position locations 52 may be selected from which to secure the handle to the shaft by mating pins 54 to best accommodate a variety of uses or preferred positions. The adjustment holes may be offset around the body of the shaft to allow for selecting a position for the grip rotated around the Z-axis shown. To provide clearance for one another, the adjustment locations may be provided in a sort of “spiral staircase” arrangement as shown, Alternatively, a smooth shaft may be provided against which one or more setscrews are locked to secure position at different “heights” along a Z-axis or different rotated “home” or “start” grip positions around the shaft.

Shaft 50 may be received within a bracket 56 and be supported by a bearing 58. Shaft 50 may be flexible, include a flexible section (as described later in an alternative embodiment), or include a U-joint (universal joint) 60 between a proximal section “A” and a distal section “B”. In the present embodiment, an input bevel gear 62 driven by the handle meshes with an output bevel gear 64 to transform the motion about the grip axis (Z-axis) to motion useful for throttle control. Additional support bearings 58 may be provided for the distal section of the shaft.

Providing a flexible shaft, shaft section or a U-joint 60 as shown allows for the grip to be adjusted about an axis Y in a plane relative to the fixed body of the device. As noted, such an adjustment offers improvement for user comfort in use as well as the option of moving the grip out of the way for cockpit entry or exit. The degree of adjustability provided may range from about 30 to about 90 degrees. By way of a pin 65 captured within a way 66, or by some other stop means, travel may be limited to a desired range. Detent features may also be provided to releasable secure or give a tactile indication of movement or progression between positions.

When a U-joint is employed for angular adjustment, the system may employ a housing 68 to support the bracket 56 through which shaft 50 is rotationally received. Housing 68 may be mounted to a base 70. Regardless, pins or shoulder bolts 72 supported by housing may be used to provide an axis of rotation for the referenced angular adjustment of the grip relative to base 70 and/or plates 74 to which the base is affixed.

Adjustment of the grip assembly about an X-axis as shown is also contemplated. Housing 68 and/or base 70 may be adjusted to a desired position and locked down to one or more of the control body plate(s) 74. In order to serve the desired support function, fixing the position about the X-axis by pins, set screws, etc. is important in order to avoid inadvertent movement or slippage of the grip 42 in the direction of movement when a user is bracing his/herself with it (possibly in combination with wheel 28). Likewise, rotation about axis X should not be so great as to result in turning axis Y far from horizontal. In other words, adjustment around the X-axis should be limited to about +/−15 degrees.

Regarding grip 42 configuration, three buttons are shown upon a canted head 76 of the handle. Button 78 operates the left trim tab, button 80 manipulates outdrive in and out, and button 82 operates the right trim tab. The grip body is shaped to mimic the natural curve of the human hand to provide better grip and allow reach to actuate the buttons with the thumb while maintaining a grip on the handle. Wiring is routed within hollows 84 of the grip or as otherwise convenient.

As for throttle assembly output, the system is set to pull a throttle cable 86 within a cable housing 88. The cable housing may be attached to plate 74 by a clamp block 90. In a variation of the invention, the end of cable 86 may be connected at a block 92 to a slide 94. The cable may comprise a threaded end fitting or section 96. A jam nut 98 may be provided to lock the threaded section within threading inside block 92.

In the arrangement shown, slide 94 forms part of a rack and pinion assembly 100. Rack gear teeth 102 mesh with pinion gear teeth 104. The pinion gear itself 106 may comprise a section or sector of a full round gear. It may include lightening holes 108. It may include holes or depressions 110 to interface with a spring loaded ball 112 to provide a detent means. The detent means provides tactile feedback providing a user with an indication of advancement across the range of throttle grip rotation. Alternatively, a damped or smooth frictional feel to grip rotation may be desired. Naturally, any type of action may be employed.

Regarding the action produced by grip rotation, reference to FIG. 2B illustrates how rotation of bevel gear 62 turns bevel gear 64, that—in turn—rotates pinion 106 to translate rack/slider 94, to push and pull throttle cable 86. Alternatively, pinion 104 could be replaced by a cam or lever arm attached to the throttle cable. Other output options exist as well. In any case, at some stage, output from the second bevel gear drives cable pull.

Another noteworthy option concerns the manner in which the throttle control and/or gear selector assembly is installed in a boat. The control system 40 may simply be mounted to existing boat hardware or to custom brackets using mounting bosses 114. Alternatively, an existing gear selector setup may be employed and only the throttle control section 48 of the system retrofitted to the existing setup. Still further, the system may be integrated into the original control design of a boat. In which case, significant variation to the configuration of at least the device housing is contemplated. Still further, any boat may be modified by supplying a custom combing or wall insert to better accommodate a stock throttle control system according to the present invention. Such a wall insert to the boat would allow a user to better recess the subject control housing or box. It is also contemplated that the control housing can be adapted to be mounted in a seat, bolster or on the floor of the boat. In these arrangements, the control housing can be located towards the center of the boat, or outboard of the driver as shown in FIG. 1C.

Another aspect of the invention concerns the manner in which cable pull from the control side of systems is handled at the engine side. The cable can actuate the motor throttle in a conventional manner. However, FIG. 3 shows an approach where a transfer mechanism 150 according to the present invention operates an engine throttle shaft 152. Here, cable 86 is affixed to throttle rack 154. As the rack is pulled by the throttle cable, rack teeth 156 engage throttle pinion gear teeth 158, causing throttle pinion gear 160 to rotate. The throttle pinion gear is affixed to throttle shaft 152 by a setscrew, a splined connection or other conventional means. Throttle shaft 152 may be affixed to butterfly valve 162. As the butterfly valve position is open, airflow to the engine is increased, resulting in increased combustion in the engine, and higher boat speed. An extension spring 164 may be provided in the system to bias cable pull and help return the rack and pinion to its previous configuration when the cable is “pushed” within the housing. The system in FIG. 3 is especially advantageous for use with the system as illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B because it offers a 1:1 correspondence of user input to engine throttle action.

As indicated above, a flexible shaft may be utilized to transmit torsional movement about the Z-axis from throttle grip 42 to an engine throttle, while permitting shaft 50 to be adjusted about the X and Y axes shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. An example of such an alternative embodiment will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4A-4D.

Referring first to FIGS. 4A and 4B, an embodiment is shown that is similar to that of FIGS. 2A and 2B. In the alternative embodiment of FIGS. 4A and 4B, controller grip 42 is mounted on shaft 50 as previously described. Shaft 50 in turn is rotably mounted to shaft bracket 56 with bearing 58, as shown in FIG. 2B. One end of a flexible shaft 170 is attached to the lower end of shaft 50, such as with one or more set screw 172 mounted in a flexible shaft coupling 174. The other end of flexible shaft 170 is attached to rotating arm 176 at its pivot point. The distal end 178 of arm 176 is coupled to throttle cable 86.

When grip 42 is rotated clockwise about the Z-axis, the rotary motion is transmitted from shaft 50 to arm 176 by flexible shaft 170. This motion causes the distal end 178 of arm 176 to move in the fore plane, which pulls throttle cable 86 forward with respect to cable housing 88. Conversely, when grip 42 is rotated counter-clockwise about the Z-axis, flexible shaft 170 rotates in the opposite direction. This motion causes the distal end 178 of arm 176 to move in the aft plane, pushing throttle cable 86 rearward with respect to cable housing 88. The pulling and pushing on throttle cable 86 serves to increase and decrease, respectively, the throttle of the boat engine, such as described above in reference to FIG. 3.

In this exemplary embodiment, the lower end of flexible shaft 170 may be directly connected to arm 176 with a coupling similar to coupling 174 at the upper end. Alternatively, the lower end of flexible shaft 170 can be affixed within an opening of a transfer shaft 180, as shown in FIG. 4B, such as with one or more set screws. Shaft 180 may be rotably attached to plate 74. Arm 176 can be attached to the opposite end of shaft 180, such as with a pin 182.

Referring now to FIGS. 4C and 4D, the operation of rotating arm 176 and throttle cable 86 are more clearly shown. Cable housing 88 may be secured from longitudinal movement by pivot bracket 184. In this example, clamp screw 186 adjustably secures cable housing 88 to pivot bracket 184. Pivot bracket 184 in turn is pivotably secured to plate 74 with shoulder bolt 188. With this arrangement, pivot bracket 184 and the end of cable housing 88 are allowed to pivot around shoulder bolt 88 as arm 176 is moved between the aft position shown in FIG. 4C and the fore position shown in FIG. 4D. This alleviates throttle cable 86 from bending or binding in its housing 88 as the distal end 178 of arm 176 rotates through the bottom of its travel arc.

As with the embodiment depicted by FIGS. 2A and 2B, the embodiment depicted by FIGS. 4A-4D allows the longitudinal Z-axis of grip 42 to be rotated about the X-axis (fore and aft) and about the Y-axis (pivoting up or down), as described above. In this embodiment, the orientation of the longitudinal Z-axis can also be locked in place after adjustments about the X and Y axes, as also described above.

As can be seen by comparing FIGS. 4A and 4B with FIGS. 2A and 2B, the use of flexible shaft 170 and rotating arm 176 permits various components shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B to be eliminated, such as universal joint 60, bevel gears 62 and 64, shaft 50B, bearings 58, slide 94, rack 102 and pinion gear 106. These components are relatively complex, so their elimination can increase reliability of control system 40 and reduce its size and cost. In alternative embodiments, some or all of these components can be used in combination with a flexible shaft. For example, rotating arm 176 of FIGS. 4A-4D can be replaced with a pinion gear 106 as part of a rack and pinion assembly 100, similar to that of FIG. 2B, with the rack 102 mounted on a horizontal slide 94. Alternatively, just the detent means of pinion gear 106 (i.e. holes or depressions 110 and a spring loaded ball 112) can be incorporated into arm 176 and plate 74, or provided elsewhere, to provide tactile feedback to a user with an indication of advancement across the range of throttle grip rotation.

Referring to FIG. 4B, a flexible shaft arrangement should be chosen so that the bend radius of flexible shaft 170 is not so small as to cause binding or excessive stress to flexible shaft 170 in any orientation of grip handle 42. In some embodiments, the bend radius is about three or four inches. Flexible shaft 170 can be bare, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, or can be jacketed with a sleeve or housing. If a jacketed flexible shaft is employed, one or both ends may be secured to surrounding structures so that only the core of the flexible shaft rotates as grip 42 is twisted. A jacketed shaft can protect the shaft core from harsh marine environments. A jacketed shaft may also be able to traverse tighter spaces within the throttle control assembly 48′ without rubbing on adjacent parts. By securing one or more midpoints of a longer jacketed shaft, excessive “helixing” or side-to-side movement can be eliminated, thereby creating a more responsive throttle system. In some embodiments, the length of flexible shaft 170 is about six inches. An example of a suitable flexible shaft that can be used is part number FR187SMRAB00600 manufactured by S.S. White Technologies, Inc., Piscataway, N.J. (www.sswhite.net).

According to an aspect of yet another embodiment of the present invention, the rotational motion of flexible shaft 170 need not be converted into a linear push-pull motion at the throttle control assembly 48′. Rather, a flexible shaft may be run directly from throttle grip 42 to the boat engine or engine compartment. There the rotational motion may be converted into linear motion with a rotary arm similar to that shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D, a rack and pinion assembly or other suitable mechanism. The rotational motion of grip 42 need not ever be converted into linear motion, but can instead be coupled directly or through reduction gearing to throttle shaft 152 to drive the rotational movement of a butterfly valve, such as shown in FIG. 3. Such an arrangement can reduce the cost and complexity of a throttle system. Additionally, it can provide direct control of the engine throttle without the backlash that can accumulate in other throttle systems, particularly after various components begin to wear. If a flexible shaft is run between grip 42 and the engine throttle, the flexible shaft should have high torsional rigidity to preserve responsiveness, and low friction for ease of operation. Biasing a long flexible shaft in one direction can also improve responsiveness.

According to an aspect of still another embodiment of the present invention, switches 78, 80 and 82 atop grip 42′ can be arranged in a fan-like manner, as best shown in FIG. 5. With such an arrangement, a user's thumb can more easily travel from one switch to another. In some embodiments, the angle formed between adjacent switches is between about 1 and 10 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle is between about 2 and 7.5 degrees. In still other embodiments, the angle is about 5 degrees. Two, three or four switches can be used atop grip 42′ in this embodiment of the invention. As indicated above, each switch or button may have a momentary forward position, a momentary rearward position and a neutral center position.

Rather than being flat, top surface 190 may be arcuate as shown in FIG. 5 to more closely match the arcuate movement of a user's thumb. In some embodiments, the arc of surface 190 has a radius between about 1 and 36 inches. In other embodiments it is between about 2 and 12 inches, and in still other embodiments the radius is about 8 inches. Additionally, top surface 190 may be canted as shown with respect to the longitudinal Z-axis of the grip shaft 50. In some embodiments, the centerline of surface 190 is canted between about 10 and 60 degrees. In other embodiments it is between about 20 and 40 degrees. In still other embodiments it is about 30 degrees.

Referring to FIG. 6, an embodiment of control system 40 is shown that is similar to that of FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 4A. Control system 40 includes shaft 50 which engages encoder shaft adapter 192 to be rotably mounted to encoder shaft 194 of rotary encoder 196. The top portion of shaft 50 includes a grip 42 (not shown) which can be mounted to shaft 50 as described in detail above. Rotary encoder 196, encoder shaft adapter 192, and the lower portion of shaft 50 are enclosed by top 198, encoder housing 200, and encoder cap 202, to protect the sensitive rotary and electronic components of the throttle control assembly from sun, wind, and water damage. Encoder housing 200 is pivotably mounted to pivot bracket 206. Since rotary encoder 196 does not offer any resistance to the movement of shaft 50, control system 40 may also include a friction mechanism on the shaft (not shown) to add tactile feedback to rotation of shaft 50. A set screw can push against shaft 50 to provide resistance, for example.

Control system 40 further includes control body plate 274, which can be mounted in a boat in either the vertical (as shown) or horizontal positions. Shift base 204 is disposed between pivot bracket 206 and shift arm 208, and is mounted to control body plate 274. When grip 42 and shaft 50 are rotated in the fore-aft plane (i.e. about the x-axis shown), pivot bracket 206 and shift arm 208 rotate together as shift base 204 remains fixedly mounted to control body plate 274. Control system 40 also includes electronic controller 210 which is electronically coupled to rotary encoder 196. Electronic controller 210 is enclosed in controller base 212 and controller top 214, which are mounted to control body plate 274. Control system 40 further includes solenoid 216, lockout catch 218, and solenoid switch 220, which will be discussed in more detail below. Cover plate 230 is attached to control body plate 274 to encase control system 40 into a single unit.

When shaft 50 is rotated clockwise about the Z-axis, the rotary motion is transmitted from shaft 50 to rotary encoder 196, which converts the angular position of shaft 50 to an electronic signal as known in the art. In some embodiments, the range of rotary motion is about 60 degrees. Rotary encoder 196 outputs this electronic signal to electronic controller 210, which in turn provides an electronic output for throttle control to the boat engine. For example, electronic controller 210 can be configured to control an electric motor (not shown) which may be located on or adjacent to the boat engine. In one embodiment, both electronic controller 210 and the electric motor are situated in a single housing adjacent to the boat engine and separate from the rest of the control system. There, the rotational motion of the electric motor's shaft may drive a rotary throttle control on or adjacent to the engine. In some embodiments, rotational motion of the electric motor may be converted into linear motion with either a rotary arm similar to that shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D, a rack and pinion assembly similar to that shown in FIG. 2B, or another suitable mechanism.

For example, when the arm 176 and throttle cable 86 of FIGS. 4C and 4D are coupled to the shaft of an electric motor, the rotary motion of the shaft is transmitted to arm 176. This causes the distal end 178 of arm 176 to move in the fore or aft plane, which pulls or pushes, respectively, throttle cable 86 with respect to cable housing 88. As previously described, the pulling and pushing on throttle cable 86 serves to increase and decrease, respectively, the throttle of the boat engine. In some embodiments, a return spring is provided to close the engine throttle if there is a power loss or other malfunction in the controller. One embodiment may include a cruise control system (not shown) to maintain a desired engine throttle or speed. The cruise control system may be implemented electronically or by mechanically fixing the shaft in a desired position, for example.

An example of a suitable rotary encoder that can be used is part number RE30E-300-213-1 manufactured by Nidec Copal Electronics Corp. However, other types of rotary encoders can be utilized, such as an analog or digital rotary encoders or potentiometers. Also, an example of a suitable controller that can be used is part number EZHR17EN EZ Stepper Motor Controller/Driver manufactured by All Motion Inc., and an example of a suitable electric motor that can be used is part number 57BYGH801 stepper motor manufactured by Jameco Electronics. However, other embodiments can employ another type of electric motor or even a servomechanism or to convert the electronic output from electronic controller 210 into a mechanical means for controlling engine throttle. In yet another embodiment, electronic controller 210 can be electronically coupled to an engine control unit (ECU) to provide for fully electronic engine throttle control.

Further shown in FIG. 6, shaft 50 may be adjusted about a Y-axis in a plane relative to the fixed body of the device. As noted previously, such an adjustment offers improvement for user comfort and support in use as well as the option of moving the grip out of the way for cockpit entry or exit. The degree of adjustability provided may be approximately 30 to 90 degrees.

Another aspect of the invention concerns the manner in which the user selects the direction in which to propel the boat. As shown in FIG. 7, shaft 50, encoder housing 200 (not shown), pivot bracket 206, and shift arm 208 can be rotated about an X-axis to switch the transmission between forward, neutral and reverse. Rotating about the X-axis in the forward direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 7) causes the protruding portion of shift arm 208 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, which pulls transmission cable 224 upward with respect to transmission cable housing 226 and mechanically switches the transmission into forward gear. Conversely, rotating about the X-axis in the aft direction (clockwise) causes the protruding portion of shift arm 208 to rotate in the clockwise direction, which pushes transmission cable 224 in the opposite direction and mechanically switches the transmission into reverse gear. Rotation about axis X should not be so great as to result in turning axis Y far from horizontal, so rotation about the X-axis for gear selection should be limited to about +/−15 degrees as previously described. As can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7, transmission cable housing 226 is mounted to control body plate 274 by shift link block 228, which reduces strain on transmission cable 224 and transmission cable housing 226 by allowing them to pivot slightly as shift arm 208 rotates in the forward and aft directions.

Also shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are solenoid 216, lockout arm 218, and solenoid switch 220. When shaft 50 is rotated about the X-axis to switch the transmission, as described above, lockout arm 218 aligns with slots 232, 234, and 236 in shift arm 208 corresponding to the forward, neutral, and reverse gears, respectively. Solenoid switch 220 is coupled to shaft 50, and detects when throttle is being actively applied to the boat engine as shaft 50 is rotated about the Z-axis, as described above. Solenoid 216 pulls on lockout arm 218 when active throttle is detected by solenoid switch 220, causing lockout arm 218 to engage the appropriate slot in shift arm 208. As long as throttle is being actively applied to the boat engine, the coupling of lockout arm 218 and shift arm 208 prevents a user from accidentally shifting gears while operating the boat. Thus, to shift gears, the user must return shaft 50 to zero throttle, at which point solenoid switch 220 detects that no throttle is being applied to the boat engine and causes solenoid 218 to push on lockout arm 218 and disengage from shift arm 208. In an alternative embodiment, a transmission lockout switch (not shown) is situated on the grip. Thus, a user can disengage lockout arm 218 from shift arm 208 to switch the transmission by manipulating the lockout switch. Also shown in FIG. 7 is startup switch 222, which allows the engine to be started only when the transmission is in the neutral position.

Thus, various embodiments of the present invention, some of which were specifically described above, result in a significantly improved assembly for controlling the throttle and transmission of a boat with a twist grip interface. For example, adjustment of the throttle control assembly along the X and Y axes provides a user a stable throttle control grip to hold onto in order to help maintain body position while piloting a boat at high speeds. Additionally, various embodiments of the present invention have increased versatility for installation in boats by using a simplified design that can be mounted in small places and easily be coupled to the boat's engine and transmission. Furthermore, some embodiments of the present invention allow a user to advantageously control both engine throttle and transmission gear selection without taking a hand off the throttle control assembly grip.

As for additional details pertinent to the present invention, materials and manufacturing techniques may be employed as within the level of those with skill in the relevant art. The same may hold true with respect to method-based aspects of the invention in terms of additional acts commonly or logically employed. Also, it is contemplated that any optional feature of the inventive variations described may be set forth and claimed independently, or in combination with any one or more of the features described herein. Likewise, reference to a singular item, includes the possibility that there are plural of the same items present. More specifically, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “and,” “said,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is further noted that the claims may be drafted to exclude any optional element. As such, this statement is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive terminology as “solely,” “only” and the like in connection with the recitation of claim elements, or use of a “negative” limitation. Unless defined otherwise herein, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The breadth of the present invention is not to be limited by the subject specification, but rather only by the plain meaning of the claim terms employed.

It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be covered thereby. 

1. A throttle control assembly comprising: a twist handle coupled to a shaft, wherein the shaft is adjustable relative to a fixed housing, and wherein rotation of the twist handle about a longitudinal axis of the shaft provides an electronic output for engine throttle control.
 2. The throttle control assembly of claim 1, wherein moving the shaft along a fore-aft plane provides an output for transmission control.
 3. The throttle control assembly of claim 1, further comprising a rotary encoder coupled to the shaft.
 4. The throttle control assembly of claim 3, wherein the rotary encoder is an optical encoder.
 5. The throttle control assembly of claim 3, wherein the rotary encoder is a potentiometer.
 6. The throttle control assembly of claim 3, further comprising an electronic controller coupled to the rotary encoder.
 7. The throttle control assembly of claim 6, further comprising an electric motor, wherein the electric motor receives a signal from the electronic controller to adjust engine throttle.
 8. The throttle control assembly of claim 6, further comprising a servomechanism, wherein the servomechanism receives a signal from the electronic controller to adjust engine throttle.
 9. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising at least one of trim and motor up/down buttons atop the twist handle.
 10. A throttle control assembly comprising: a twist handle coupled to a shaft, a rotary encoder coupled to the shaft, wherein the shaft is adjustable relative to a fixed housing, and wherein the rotary encoder provides an output for engine throttle control when the twist handle is rotated about a longitudinal axis of the shaft.
 11. The throttle control assembly of claim 10, wherein moving the shaft along a fore-aft plane provides an output for transmission control.
 12. The throttle control assembly of claim 10, wherein the rotary encoder is an optical encoder.
 13. The throttle control assembly of claim 10, wherein the rotary encoder is a potentiometer.
 14. The throttle control assembly of claim 10, further comprising an electronic controller coupled to the rotary encoder.
 15. The throttle control assembly of claim 14, further comprising an electric motor, wherein the electric motor receives a signal from the electronic controller to adjust engine throttle.
 16. The throttle control assembly of claim 14, further comprising a servomechanism, wherein the servomechanism receives a signal from the electronic controller to adjust engine throttle.
 17. The assembly of claim 10, further comprising at least one of trim and motor up/down buttons atop the twist handle.
 18. A throttle control assembly comprising: a twist handle coupled to a shaft, at least one of trim and motor up/down buttons atop the twist handle, wherein the shaft is adjustable relative to a fixed housing, wherein rotation of the twist handle about a longitudinal axis of the shaft provides an electronic output for engine throttle control, and wherein moving the shaft along a fore-aft plane provides an output for transmission control.
 19. The throttle control assembly of claim 18, further comprising a rotary encoder coupled to the shaft.
 20. The throttle control assembly of claim 19, wherein the rotary encoder is an optical encoder.
 21. The throttle control assembly of claim 19, wherein the rotary encoder is a potentiometer.
 22. The throttle control assembly of claim 19, further comprising an electronic controller coupled to the rotary encoder.
 23. The throttle control assembly of claim 22, further comprising an electric motor, wherein the electric motor receives a signal from the electronic controller to adjust engine throttle.
 24. The throttle control assembly of claim 22, further comprising a servomechanism, wherein the servomechanism receives a signal from the electronic controller to adjust engine throttle.
 25. A boat comprising: a hull, at least one motor, and a throttle control assembly selected from one of the throttle control assemblies described in claim 1 mounted to or integrated with the boat. 